سیرتِ طیبہ کی روشنی میں مسلم معاشروں میں معاشی عدل وانصاف کا قیام

Abstract

This article examines the establishment of economic justice and equity in Muslim societies in the light of the Seerat-e-Tayyibah of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). As Islam is a dīn al-fiṭrah (religion of human nature), it provides comprehensive guidance for the fulfillment of both material and spiritual needs. The study begins by clarifying the linguistic and technical meanings of “economics” and “Islamic economics,” and contrasts secular economic thought with the Islamic perspective rooted in the Qur’an and Sunnah. It argues that the Islamic conception of economic justice is founded upon the principles of tawḥīd (Divine Unity), khilāfah (human stewardship), and ‘adl (justice), which view wealth as a trust from Allah rather than the absolute property of individuals.

Drawing on Qur’anic injunctions and Prophetic practice, the article highlights key mechanisms for achieving economic justice: the obligation of earning lawful sustenance, mutual social support (kafālah bāhimī), prohibition of hoarding and usurious transactions, regulation of markets, institutionalization of zakat, ṣadaqah and waqf, and protection of the rights of workers, the poor, orphans and other vulnerable groups. The Madinan model is presented as a practical prototype of a welfare-oriented, just economy that discourages wealth concentration and promotes circulation of resources.

In its concluding section, the paper relates these foundational principles to contemporary Muslim societies facing poverty, inequality, unemployment, and systemic economic exploitation. It argues that reviving the Prophetic economic vision, along with effective state responsibility and ethical market conduct, offers a viable and sustainable framework for ensuring social welfare, economic security, and distributive justice in the modern world.